Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2003) - Puerto Rico (2008)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2003) z Puerto Rico (2008)

	Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2003)	Puerto Rico (2008)

Administrative divisions	-	none (territory of the US with commonwealth status); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 78 municipalities (municipios, singular - municipio) at the second order; Adjuntas, Aguada, Aguadilla, Aguas Buenas, Aibonito, Anasco, Arecibo, Arroyo, Barceloneta, Barranquitas, Bayamon, Cabo Rojo, Caguas, Camuy, Canovanas, Carolina, Catano, Cayey, Ceiba, Ciales, Cidra, Coamo, Comerio, Corozal, Culebra, Dorado, Fajardo, Florida, Guanica, Guayama, Guayanilla, Guaynabo, Gurabo, Hatillo, Hormigueros, Humacao, Isabela, Jayuya, Juana Diaz, Juncos, Lajas, Lares, Las Marias, Las Piedras, Loiza, Luquillo, Manati, Maricao, Maunabo, Mayaguez, Moca, Morovis, Naguabo, Naranjito, Orocovis, Patillas, Penuelas, Ponce, Quebradillas, Rincon, Rio Grande, Sabana Grande, Salinas, San German, San Juan, San Lorenzo, San Sebastian, Santa Isabel, Toa Alta, Toa Baja, Trujillo Alto, Utuado, Vega Alta, Vega Baja, Vieques, Villalba, Yabucoa, Yauco
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 21% (male 422,635/female 403,887) 15-64 years: 65.9% (male 1,247,314/female 1,352,139) 65 years and over: 13.1% (male 223,508/female 294,776) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	sugarcane, coffee, pineapples, plantains, bananas; livestock products, chickens
Airports	-	29 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 17 over 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 5 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 12 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 10 (2007)
Area	total: 5 sq km land: 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island	total: 13,790 sq km land: 8,870 sq km water: 4,921 sq km
Area - comparative	about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	slightly less than three times the size of Rhode Island
Background	These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve.	Populated for centuries by aboriginal peoples, the island was claimed by the Spanish Crown in 1493 following COLUMBUS' second voyage to the Americas. In 1898, after 400 years of colonial rule that saw the indigenous population nearly exterminated and African slave labor introduced, Puerto Rico was ceded to the US as a result of the Spanish-American War. Puerto Ricans were granted US citizenship in 1917. Popularly-elected governors have served since 1948. In 1952, a constitution was enacted providing for internal self government. In plebiscites held in 1967, 1993, and 1998, voters chose not to alter the existing political status.
Birth rate	-	12.79 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $6.7 billion expenditures: $9.6 billion (FY99/00)
Capital	-	name: San Juan geographic coordinates: 18 28 N, 66 07 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	tropical	tropical marine, mild; little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline	74.1 km	501 km
Constitution	-	ratified 3 March 1952; approved by US Congress 3 July 1952; effective 25 July 1952
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands	conventional long form: Commonwealth of Puerto Rico conventional short form: Puerto Rico
Death rate	-	7.78 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	-	$NA
Dependency status	territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services	unincorporated, organized territory of the US with commonwealth status; policy relations between Puerto Rico and the US conducted under the jurisdiction of the Office of the President
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (territory of the US with commonwealth status)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (territory of the US with commonwealth status)
Disputes - international	nationalist group in Indonesia reportedly seeks to populate reefs to assert claims; Australia has moved to close reefs to Indonesian traditional fishing and to create a national park while prospecting for hydrocarbons in the vicinity	increasing numbers of illegal migrants from the Dominican Republic cross the Mona Passage to Puerto Rico each year looking for work
Economic aid - recipient	-	$NA
Economy - overview	no economic activity	Puerto Rico has one of the most dynamic economies in the Caribbean region. A diverse industrial sector has far surpassed agriculture as the primary locus of economic activity and income. Encouraged by duty-free access to the US and by tax incentives, US firms have invested heavily in Puerto Rico since the 1950s. US minimum wage laws apply. Sugar production has lost out to dairy production and other livestock products as the main source of income in the agricultural sector. Tourism has traditionally been an important source of income, with estimated arrivals of nearly 5 million tourists in 2004. Growth fell off in 2001-03, largely due to the slowdown in the US economy, recovered in 2004-05, but declined again in 2006-07.
Electricity - consumption	-	23.21 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	-	24.96 billion kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 3 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Cerro de Punta 1,339 m
Environment - current issues	NA	erosion; occasional drought causing water shortages
Ethnic groups	-	white (mostly Spanish origin) 80.5%, black 8%, Amerindian 0.4%, Asian 0.2%, mixed and other 10.9%
Exchange rates	-	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	-	chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001) head of government: Governor Anibal ACEVEDO-VILA (since 2 January 2005) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor with the consent of the legislature elections: under the US Constitution, residents of unincorporated territories, such as Puerto Rico, do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; governor elected by popular vote for a four-year term (no term limits); election last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held in November 2008) election results: Anibal ACEVEDO-VILA elected governor; percent of vote - 48.4%
Exports	-	10,580 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities	-	chemicals, electronics, apparel, canned tuna, rum, beverage concentrates, medical equipment
Exports - partners	-	US 90.3%, UK 1.6%, Netherlands 1.4%, Dominican Republic 1.4% (2006)
Fiscal year	-	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	the flag of Australia is used	five equal horizontal bands of red (top and bottom) alternating with white; a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bears a large, white, five-pointed star in the center; design initially influenced by the US flag, but similar to the Cuban flag, with the colors of the bands and triangle reversed
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 1% industry: 45% services: 54% (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	-1.2% (2007 est.)
Geographic coordinates	12 14 S, 123 05 E	18 15 N, 66 30 W
Geography - note	Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983	important location along the Mona Passage - a key shipping lane to the Panama Canal; San Juan is one of the biggest and best natural harbors in the Caribbean; many small rivers and high central mountains ensure land is well watered; south coast relatively dry; fertile coastal plain belt in north
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	-	230,100 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities	-	chemicals, machinery and equipment, clothing, food, fish, petroleum products
Imports - partners	-	US 55.0%, Ireland 23.7%, Japan 5.4% (2006)
Independence	-	none (territory of the US with commonwealth status)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA%
Industries	-	pharmaceuticals, electronics, apparel, food products, tourism
Infant mortality rate	-	total: 7.81 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.71 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	6.5% (2003 est.)
International organization participation	-	Caricom (observer), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, ITUC, UNWTO (associate), UPU, WCL, WFTU
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1998 est.)	400 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch	-	Supreme Court; Appellate Court; Court of First Instance composed of two sections: a Superior Court and a Municipal Court (justices for all these courts appointed by the governor with the consent of the Senate)
Labor force	-	1.3 million (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture: 3% industry: 20% services: 77% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (all grass and sand) (1998 est.)	arable land: 3.69% permanent crops: 5.59% other: 90.72% (2005)
Languages	-	Spanish, English
Legal system	the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply	based on Spanish civil code and within the US Federal system of justice
Legislative branch	-	bicameral Legislative Assembly consists of the Senate (at least 27 seats - currently 29; members are directly elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and the House of Representatives (51 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: Senate - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008); House of Representatives - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held in November 2008) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - PNP 43.4%, PPD 40.3%, PIP 9.4%; seats by party - PNP 17, PPD 9, PIP 1; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PNP 46.3%, PPD 43.1%, PIP 9.7%; seats by party - PNP 32, PPD 18, PIP 1 note: Puerto Rico elects, by popular vote, a resident commissioner to serve a four-year term as a nonvoting representative in the US House of Representatives; aside from not voting on the House floor, he enjoys all the rights of a member of Congress; elections last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held in November 2008); results - percent of vote by party - PNP 48.6%, other 51.4%; seats by party - PNP 1
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 78.54 years male: 74.6 years female: 82.67 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 94.1% male: 93.9% female: 94.4% (2002 est.)
Location	Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Australia, south of the Indonesian half of Timor island	Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of the Dominican Republic
Map references	Southeast Asia	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	contiguous zone: 12 NM continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	total: 3 ships (1000 GRT or over) 77,177 GRT/50,138 DWT by type: roll on/roll off 3 foreign-owned: 3 (US 3) registered in other countries: 1 (St Vincent and The Grenadines 1) (2007)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force	defense is the responsibility of the US
Military branches	-	no regular indigenous military forces; paramilitary National Guard, Police Force
National holiday	-	US Independence Day, 4 July (1776); Puerto Rico Constitution Day, 25 July (1952)
Nationality	-	noun: Puerto Rican(s) (US citizens) adjective: Puerto Rican
Natural hazards	surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards	periodic droughts; hurricanes
Natural resources	fish	some copper and nickel; potential for onshore and offshore oil
Net migration rate	-	-1.09 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
People - note	the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem	-
Political parties and leaders	-	National Democratic Party [Roberto PRATS]; National Republican Party of Puerto Rico [Dr. Tiody FERRE]; New Progressive Party or PNP [Pedro ROSSELLO] (pro-US statehood); Popular Democratic Party or PPD [Anibal ACEVEDO-VILA] (pro-commonwealth); Puerto Rican Independence Party or PIP [Ruben BERRIOS Martinez] (pro-independence)
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	Boricua Popular Army or EPB (a revolutionary group also known as Los Macheteros); note - the following radical groups are considered dormant by Federal law enforcement: Armed Forces for National Liberation or FALN, Armed Forces of Popular Resistance, Volunteers of the Puerto Rican Revolution
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island (July 2003 est.)	3,944,259 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA%
Population growth rate	-	0.393% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	none; offshore anchorage only	-
Radio broadcast stations	-	AM 74, FM 53, shortwave 0 (2005)
Railways	-	total: 96 km narrow gauge: 96 km 1.000-m gauge (2006)
Religions	-	Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant and other 15%
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.046 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.922 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.758 male(s)/female total population: 0.923 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal; island residents are US citizens but do not vote in US presidential elections
Telephone system	-	general assessment: modern system integrated with that of the US by high-capacity submarine cable and Intelsat with high-speed data capability domestic: digital telephone system; cellular telephone service international: country code - 1-787, 939; submarine cables provide connectivity to the US, Caribbean, Central and South America; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat
Telephones - main lines in use	-	1.038 million (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	3.354 million (2005)
Television broadcast stations	-	32 (2006)
Terrain	low with sand and coral	mostly mountains with coastal plain belt in north; mountains precipitous to sea on west coast; sandy beaches along most coastal areas
Total fertility rate	-	1.77 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	12% (2002)
Waterways	none	-

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